The History of the Knights of Malta
The Knights, also known as the Order of Hospitallers, played a crucial role in the history of Malta. Their association with the island began in 1530 when Emperor Charles V granted them Malta, Gozo, and the nearby Tripolitania as part of his empire. Their task was to defend Europe against the Ottoman Empire and Mediterranean pirates.
For nearly three centuries, the Knights significantly influenced the culture, architecture, and daily life of the island. They built many impressive structures, such as the Fort St. Angelo and the co-cathedral of St. John in Valletta.
The Great Siege of Malta
One of the most significant events related to the Knights’ presence on Malta was the Great Siege of 1565. The Ottoman fleet decided to capture the island, which could have opened the way for further conquests in Europe. The Knights, with the help of the local population, defended the island for several months. Ultimately, thanks to their tactics and determination, they repelled the attack of the Ottoman invaders.
This event not only strengthened the position of the Knights on Malta but also boosted the morale of all of Europe. It is noteworthy that after the victory, the order decided to build a new, more defensible capital – Valletta.
Architectural Legacy
The Knights left behind many unique structures that continue to attract tourists from all over the world. In Valletta, we find monumental palaces, forts, and churches that bear witness to their influence and power from those times.
Among them are the Grandmaster’s Palace, the co-cathedral of St. John, and numerous fortifications surrounding the city. These buildings not only protected the island from invasions but also became symbols of its resilience.
Culture and Art
The Knights not only built and defended the island. They also contributed to its cultural and artistic development. They helped in the development of arts, painting, and architecture in Malta.
Notable artists such as Caravaggio were invited to work on the island. Their works enriched Maltese museums and churches, leaving a lasting legacy of classical art.
Decline and Departure from the Island
The significance of the Knights on Malta began to wane at the end of the 18th century. The main reason was the rise of European powers and political changes that also affected the order. In 1798, Napoleon Bonaparte took control of Malta during his campaign to Egypt.
The Knights had to leave the island, and French influence was soon replaced by the British. Although the order lost its territories, their legacy is still an important part of Maltese identity.
Contemporary Legacy
Today, the presence of the Knights on Malta is still visible and felt. Tourists come to see their architectural marvels, immerse themselves in history, and understand the importance they had for the island.
The Maltese Order, as a continuation of the Knights’ tradition, has retained some influence on Malta, contributing to its cultural and educational development. They organize various events and programs that promote the legacy of the Knights and are respected by the Maltese community.
